TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2001//
TI  - Malocclusion, orthodontics and bullying
JO  - Dental update
A1  - DiBiase, A. T.
A1  - Sandler, P. J.
SP  - 464
EP  - 466
VL  - 28
IS  - 9
N2  - Bullying is endemic among schoolchildren, and the effects can be devastating and long lasting. The persistently bullied child appears to represent a certain psychological type, with poorly developed social skills and a submissive nature. Physical appearance does appear to play a role, which includes facial and dental appearance, although these tend not to be primary factors. Teasing related to dental appearance appears to be particularly hurtful. There is little evidence of a marked increase in self-esteem following orthodontic treatment in children, but in adults following treatment there is an improvement of body concept. The long-term psychological benefits of orthodontic treatment are difficult to measure but there is an increasing awareness of malocclusion with age.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0305-5000
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -