TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2011//
TI  - The influence of morphology on cervical injury characteristics
JO  - Spine
A1  - Stemper, Brian D.
A1  - Pintar, Frank A.
A1  - Rao, Raj D.
SP  - S180
EP  - 6
VL  - 36
IS  - 25 Suppl
N2  - STUDY DESIGN.: Review of peer-reviewed literature. OBJECTIVE.: Outline the effects of neck and cervical spine morphology on soft tissue injury Potential during low velocity automotive rear impacts. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA.: Automotive rear impacts are mechanical events and the response of the human head-neck complex can be thought of in biomechanical terms. This manuscript reviews evidence from peer-reviewed studies implicating occupant-related factors in the onset and severity of cervical spine soft-tissue injury. METHODS.: Effects of anatomical characteristics, head-neck and spine orientation, facet joints, and neck muscles were reviewed. RESULTS.: On the basis of existing biomechanically based research, the following occupant-related characteristics can influence the response of the cervical spine during automotive rear impacts: anatomical dimensions of the cervical spine, head-neck and cervical spine orientation at the time of impact, facet joint orientation, and neck muscle size and orientation. CONCLUSION.: The response of the cervical spine to rear impacts can be described using biomechanical concepts. This review has identified occupant-related factors that can influence injury susceptibility and cited biomechanically related research to outline the method by which those factors affect the overall head-neck and cervical spine response in such a way as to increase the susceptibility or severity of injury for a given rear impact event.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0362-2436
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0b013e3182387d98
ID  - ref1
ER  -