TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2012//
TI  - Long-Term Effects of Three Multicomponent Exercise Interventions on Physical Performance and Fall-Related Psychological Outcomes in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
A1  - Freiberger, Ellen
A1  - Häberle, Lothar
A1  - Spirduso, Waneen W.
A1  - Rixt Zijlstra, Gertrude A.
SP  - 437
EP  - 446
VL  - 60
IS  - 3
N2  - OBJECTIVES: To determine the long-term effects of three strength and balance exercise interventions on physical performance, fall-related psychological outcomes, and falls in older people. DESIGN: A single-blinded, four-group, randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Community, Germany. PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling adults aged 70 to 90 who had fallen in the past 6 months or reported fear of falling. INTERVENTION: After baseline assessment, 280 participants were randomly assigned to the control group (CG; no intervention; n = 80) or one of three strength and balance exercise interventions (the strength and balance group (SBG; strength and balance only; n = 63), the fitness group (FG; strength and balance plus endurance training; n = 64), or the multifaceted group (MG; strength and balance plus fall risk education; n = 73). The interventions consisted of 32 one-hour group sessions in 16 weeks. MEASUREMENTS: Data on physical performance, fall-related psychological outcomes, and falls were collected for 24 months. RESULTS: Mixed-effects regression analyses showed improved short- and long-term (12 and 24 months, respectively) physical performance for the SBG and FG, particularly regarding mobility, balance, and walking speed (P < .05). The improvements in physical performance outcomes were most prominent in the FG. Fall-related psychological outcomes, number of falls, and injurious falls were not significantly different from in the control group. CONCLUSION: Training focusing on strength, balance, and endurance can enhance physical performance for up to 24 months in community-dwelling older adults. These findings did not translate to improved fall-related psychological outcomes or reduced incidence of falls. This demonstrates the need for a different approach (e.g., regarding intervention dose and components) to gain intervention benefits in the multiple domains that contribute to independence and well-being in older adults.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0002-8614
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03859.x
ID  - ref1
ER  -