TY  - JOUR
PY  - 1976//
TI  - Fear of failure in males: A more salient factor than fear of success in females?
JO  - Sex roles
A1  - Levine, Robert
A1  - Reis, Harry T.
A1  - Sue, Eleanor
A1  - Turner, Gary
SP  - 389
EP  - 398
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
N2  - Sex differences in self-attributions following winning or losing in a highly competitive achievement-type situation were investigated. Subjects competed in same- or mixed-sex pairs on an anagram task which was prearranged in difficulty so that one subject would clearly defeat his/her partner. A significant sex of subject × outcome interaction emerged. Males were more likely to attribute their successes to skill and failures to luck. Females attributed both their successes and failures to a relatively equal amount of skill. This self-defensive bias in males was interpreted as indicating a greater fear of failure in males. The relatively rational and objective attributions of females did not support a female fear of success hypothesis. No significant interactions with sex of partner on this variable were found. Finally, subjects were asked to rate their opponents on a series of personality, attractiveness, and "happiness" dimensions. Neither males nor females were differentially evaluated as a function of winning or losing.<p /> 
LA  - en
SN  - 0360-0025
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00302807
ID  - ref1
ER  -