TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2002//
TI  - Framing, uncertainty, and hostile communications in a crisis experiment
JO  - Political psychology
A1  - McDermott, Rose
A1  - Cowden, Jonathan
A1  - Koopman, Cheryl
SP  - 133
EP  - 149
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
N2  - During times of crisis, do cognitive processes shape leaders' procurement decisions in predictable ways? Drawing on psychological literature, we propose four factors that may have a substantial influence on how much money leaders engaged in ongoing disputes allocate to their military: (1) striving for superiority versus striving for parity in military resources; (2) uncertainty regarding the characteristics of weapons systems; (3) ambiguity regarding the overall capacities of weapons systems; and (4) the tone of messages that adversaries send to one another. The effects of these factors are investigated using a laboratory simulation that combines both experimental and quasi-experimental elements. The results indicate that striving for superiority has a significant effect on defense spending, as does the tone of an opponent's message. By way of contrast, neither uncertainty nor ambiguity exerts a statistically discernable impact on the level of defense spending.<p /> <p>Language: en</p> 
LA  - en
SN  - 0162-895X
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0162-895X.00274
ID  - ref1
ER  -