TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2013//
TI  - Impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease: Crossroads between neurology, psychiatry and neuroscience
JO  - Behavioural neurology
A1  - Bugalho, Paulo
A1  - Oliveira-Maia, Albino J.
SP  - 547
EP  - 557
VL  - 27
IS  - 4
N2  - Non-motor symptoms contribute significantly to Parkinson's disease (PD) related disability. Impulse control disorders (ICDs) have been recently added to the behavioural spectrum of PD-related non-motor symptoms. Such behaviours are characterized by an inappropriate drive to conduct repetitive behaviours that are usually socially inadequate or result in harmful consequences. Parkinson disease impulse control disorders (PD-ICDs) have raised significant interest in the scientific and medical community, not only because of their incapacitating nature, but also because they may represent a valid model of ICDs beyond PD and a means to study the physiology of drive, impulse control and compulsive actions in the normal brain. In this review, we discuss some unresolved issues regarding PD-ICDs, including the association with psychiatric co-morbidities such as obsessive-compulsive disorder and with dopamine related side effects, such as hallucinations and dyskinesias; the relationship with executive cognitive dysfunction; and the neural underpinnings of ICDs in PD. We also discuss the contribution of neuroscience studies based on animal-models towards a mechanistic explanation of the development of PD-ICDs, specifically regarding corticostriatal control of goal directed and habitual actions.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0953-4180
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/BEN-129019
ID  - ref1
ER  -