TY - JOUR PY - 1974// TI - Child restraint systems: Results from frontal impact tests and proposals for compliance test procedures JO - Proceedings of the International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Injury conference A1 - Turbell, Thomas SP - 278 EP - 287 VL - 2 IS - N2 - Frontal impact simulations with 25 different types of child restraint systems have been made with Alderson 3- and 6-years-old anthropometric dummies. Impact speed has been 50 km/h and deceleration levels 15-20 g. Electrical measurements, according to SAE J 211a, have included dummy head and chest accelerations, sled acceleration and forces acting on the restraint systems. High-speed photography has also been used. The most significant difference between various types of systems has been that the resultant head acceleration and the hyperflexion of the neck is considerably lower with rearward facing seats com- pared with forward facing seats, cushions, shells and harnesses. It is proposed that, when using the test methods described in this paper, the following main performance criteria shall be met: Maximum resultant head acceleration: 50g; Maximum vertical head acceleration: 20g. This implies that, among the systems existing today, only rearward facing seats can be approve. Behaviourial studies and experience from the 100,000 rearward facing seats used in Sweden confirm that this is a practical and usable design concept for a child restraint system.

LA - SN - 2235-3151 UR - http://dx.doi.org/ ID - ref1 ER -