TY  - JOUR
PY  - 1998//
TI  - What Happens to "Bad" Girls? A Review of the Adult Outcomes of Antisocial Adolescent Girls
JO  - American journal of psychiatry
A1  - Pajer, Kathleen A.
SP  - 862
EP  - 870
VL  - 155
IS  - 7
N2  - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to review critically the data on the adult outcomes of adolescent girls with antisocial behavior. METHOD: Five literature databases were searched for studies on the adult outcomes of girls with either conduct disorder or delinquency. RESULTS: Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. As adults, antisocial girls manifested increased mortality rates, a 10- to 40-fold increase in the rate of criminality, substantial rates of psychiatric morbidity, dysfunctional and often violent relationships, and high rates of multiple service utilization. Possible explanations for these findings include a pervasive biological or psychological deficit or baseline heterogeneity in the population of antisocial girls. CONCLUSIONS: This review establishes that female adolescent antisocial behavior has important long-term individual and societal consequences. At present, there are insufficient data to enable us to prevent these outcomes or treat them if they occur. Future research should include cross-sectional studies detailing the phenomenology of female antisocial behavior and longitudinal investigations that not only track development into adulthood but also explore the role of potential modifiying variables such as prefrontal lobe dysfunction and psychiatric comorbidity. (Abstract Adapted from Source: American Journal of Psychiatry, 1998. Copyright © 1998 by American Psychiatric Publishing)  Youth Development Juvenile Development Juvenile Female Juvenile Antisocial Behavior Juvenile Behavior Juvenile Delinquency Juvenile Offender Conduct Disorder Behavior Effects Long-Term Effects Adult Development Adult Crime Adult Female Adult Offender Female Behavior Female Delinquency Female Crime Female Offender Crime Causes Delinquency Effects 01-03<p />
LA  - en
SN  - 0002-953X
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -