TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2013//
TI  - The impact of television viewing on brain structures: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses
JO  - Cerebral cortex
A1  - Takeuchi, Hikaru
A1  - Taki, Yasuyuki
A1  - Hashizume, Hiroshi
A1  - Asano, Kohei
A1  - Asano, Michiko
A1  - Sassa, Yuko
A1  - Yokota, Susumu
A1  - Kotozaki, Yuka
A1  - Nouchi, Rui
A1  - Kawashima, Ryuta
SP  - 1188
EP  - 1197
VL  - 25
IS  - 5
N2  - Television (TV) viewing is known to affect children's verbal abilities and other physical, cognitive, and emotional development in psychological studies. However, the brain structural development associated with TV viewing has never been investigated. Here we examined cross-sectional correlations between the duration of TV viewing and regional gray/white matter volume (rGMV/rWMV) among 133 boys and 143 girls as well as correlations between the duration of TV viewing and longitudinal changes that occurred a few years later among 111 boys and 105 girls. After correcting for confounding factors, we found positive effects of TV viewing on rGMV of the frontopolar and medial prefrontal areas in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, positive effects of TV viewing on rGMV/rWMV of areas of the visual cortex in cross-sectional analyses, and positive effects of TV viewing on rGMV of the hypothalamus/septum and sensorimotor areas in longitudinal analyses. We also confirmed negative effects of TV viewing on verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. These anatomical correlates may be linked to previously known effects of TV viewing on verbal competence, aggression, and physical activity. In particular, the present results showed effects of TV viewing on the frontopolar area of the brain, which has been associated with intellectual abilities.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1047-3211
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bht315
ID  - ref1
ER  -