TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2014//
TI  - Mustard Gas Inhalation Injury: Therapeutic Strategy
JO  - International journal of toxicology
A1  - Keyser, Brian M.
A1  - Andres, Devon K.
A1  - Holmes, Wesley W.
A1  - Paradiso, Danielle
A1  - Appell, Ashley
A1  - Letukas, Valerie A.
A1  - Benton, Betty
A1  - Clark, Offie E.
A1  - Gao, Xiugong
A1  - Ray, Prabhati
A1  - Anderson, Dana R.
A1  - Ray, Radharaman
SP  - 271
EP  - 281
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
N2  - Mustard gas (sulfur mustard [SM], bis-[2-chloroethyl] sulfide) is a vesicating chemical warfare agent and a potential chemical terrorism agent. Exposure of SM causes debilitating skin blisters (vesication) and injury to the eyes and the respiratory tract; of these, the respiratory injury, if severe, may even be fatal. Therefore, developing an effective therapeutic strategy to protect against SM-induced respiratory injury is an urgent priority of not only the US military but also the civilian antiterrorism agencies, for example, the Homeland Security. Toward developing a respiratory medical countermeasure for SM, four different classes of therapeutic compounds have been evaluated in the past: anti-inflammatory compounds, antioxidants, protease inhibitors and antiapoptotic compounds. This review examines all of these different options; however, it suggests that preventing cell death by inhibiting apoptosis seems to be a compelling strategy but possibly dependent on adjunct therapies using the other drugs, that is, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and protease inhibitor compounds.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1091-5818
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581814532959
ID  - ref1
ER  -