TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2014//
TI  - Analysis of an explosion accident of nitrogen trichloride in a waste liquid containing ammonium ion and platinum black
JO  - Journal of hazardous materials
A1  - Okada, Ken
A1  - Akiyoshi, Miyako
A1  - Ishizaki, Keiko
A1  - Sato, Hiroyasu
A1  - Matsunaga, Takehiro
SP  - 75
EP  - 81
VL  - 278C
IS  - 
N2  - Five liters of sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution (12mass%) was poured into 300L of liquid waste containing ammonium ion of about 1.8mol/L in a 500 L tank in a plant area; then, two minutes later the solution exploded with a flash on March 30th, 2005. The tank cover, the fluorescent lamp and the air duct were broken by the blast wave. Thus, we have conducted 40 runs of laboratory-scale explosion tests under various conditions (solution concentrations of (NH4)2SO4 and NaClO, temperatures, Pt catalysts, pH, etc.) to investigate the causes for such an explosion. When solutions of ammonium sulfate and sodium hypochlorite are mixed in the presence of platinum black, explosions result. This is ascribable to the formation of explosive nitrogen trichloride (NCl3). In the case where it is necessary to mix these 2 solutions (ammonium sulfate and sodium hypochlorite) in the presence of platinum black, the following conditions would reduce a probability of explosion; the initial concentration of NH4(+) should be less than 3mol/L and the pH should be higher than 6. The hypochlorite solution (in 1/10 in volume) to be added at room temperature is recommended to be less than 0.6mol/L.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0304-3894
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.05.077
ID  - ref1
ER  -