TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2013//
TI  - Differences in drowning rates between rural and non-rural residents of Ontario, Canada
JO  - International journal of aquatic research and education
A1  - Fralick, Michael
A1  - Gallinger, Zane R.
A1  - Hwang, Stephen W.
SP  - 332
EP  - 343
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
N2  - The objective of our study was to determine if rural residence was associated with an increased risk of drowning in Ontario, Canada. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all unintentional drowning deaths in Ontario, Canada from 2004-2008. Age-adjusted mortality rates for males and females living in rural and nonrural areas were calculated using direct standardization, with non-rural residents as the reference population. We identified a total of 564 unintentional drowning deaths. The majority (89%) of fatal drowning victims were male, and 75% percent of victims were from non-rural areas. Excluding bathtub drowning deaths, the age-adjusted drowning mortality rate was significantly higher for both males (rate ratio 2.8; 95% CI, 2.3-3.4) and females (rate ratio 2.8; 95% CI, 1.5-5.0) from rural compared with non-rural areas. In Ontario, rural residence was associated with an increased risk of unintentional drowning.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1932-9997
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.25035/ijare.07.04.06
ID  - ref1
ER  -