TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2014//
TI  - Electronic cigarette exposures reported to texas poison centers
JO  - Nicotine and tobacco research
A1  - Ordonez, Jhonny E.
A1  - Kleinschmidt, Kurt C.
A1  - Forrester, Mathias B.
SP  - 209
EP  - 211
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
N2  - INTRODUCTION: Exposure to the liquid nicotine solutions (LNS) IN: electronic cigarettes E-CIGS: may be dangerous because they are highly concentrated. Little is known about the impact of exposure on public health. This study describes E-CIG: exposures reported to poison centers. <br><br>METHODS: All E-CIG: exposures reported to Texas poison centers during 2009 to February 2014 were identified. Exposures involving other substances in addition to E-CIGS: and exposures not followed to a final medical outcome were included. The distributions of exposures by demographic and clinical factors were determined. <br><br>RESULTS: Of 225 total exposures, two were reported in 2009, six in 2010, 11 in 2011, 43 in 2012, 123 in 2013 and 40 through February 2014. Fifty-three percent (n=119) occurred among individuals age <5 years old, 41% (n=93) >20 years old and 6% (n=13) between 6-19 years. Fifty percent were female. The route of exposure was 78% ingestion. Eighty-seven percent of the exposures were unintentional and 5% intentional. The exposures occurred at patient's own residence in 95% of the cases. The clinical effects reported most often were vomiting (20%), nausea (10%), headache (4%), ocular irritation (5%), dizziness (5%), and lethargy (2%). <br><br>CONCLUSION: ELECTRONIC CIGARETTES: exposures reported to poison centers are increasing. Most of the patients are young children. The exposures most frequently occur through ingestion. Reported exposures often do not have serious outcomes.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1462-2203
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntu223
ID  - ref1
ER  -