TY  - JOUR
PY  - 1996//
TI  - Effects of a multidimensional anabolic steroid prevention intervention. The Adolescents Training and Learning to Avoid Steroids (ATLAS) Program
JO  - JAMA journal of the American Medical Association
A1  - Goldberg, L.
A1  - Elliot, D.
A1  - Clarke, G. N.
A1  - Mackinnon, David P.
A1  - Moe, E.
A1  - Zoref, L.
A1  - Green, C.
A1  - Wolf, S. L.
A1  - Greffrath, E.
A1  - Miller, D. J.
A1  - Lapin, A.
SP  - 1555
EP  - 1562
VL  - 276
IS  - 19
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To test a team-based, educational intervention designed to reduce adolescent athletes' intent to use anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS). <br><br>DESIGN: Randomized prospective trial. SETTING: Thirty-one high school football teams in the Portland, Ore, area. PARTICIPANTS: Seven hundred two adolescent football players at experimental schools; 804 players at control schools. INTERVENTION: Seven weekly, 50-minute class sessions were delivered by coaches and student team leaders, addressing AAS effects, sports nutrition and strength-training alternatives to AAS use, drug refusal role play, and anti-AAS media messages. Seven weight-room sessions were taught by research staff. Parents received written information and were invited to a discussion session. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Questionnaires before and after intervention and at 9- or 12-month follow-up, assessing AAS use risk factors, knowledge and attitudes concerning AAS, sports nutrition and exercise knowledge and behaviors, and intentions to use AAS. <br><br>RESULTS: Compared with controls, experimental subjects at the long-term follow-up had increased understanding of AAS effects, greater belief in personal vulnerability to the adverse consequences of AAS, improved drug refusal skills, less belief in AAS-promoting media messages, increased belief in the team as an information source, improved perception of athletic abilities and strength-training self-efficacy, improved nutrition and exercise behaviors, and reduced intentions to use AAS. Many other beneficial program effects remained significant at the long-term follow-up. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: This AAS prevention program enhanced healthy behaviors, reduced factors that encourage AAS use, and lowered intent to use AAS. These changes were sustained over the period of 1 year. Team-based interventions appear to be an effective approach to improve adolescent behaviors and reduce drug use risk factors.    Keywords: American football;  <p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0098-7484
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -