TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2014//
TI  - Failure biomechanical responses of isolated and intact human thoracic spine structures
JO  - International journal of vehicle safety
A1  - Arun, Mike W. J.
A1  - Yoganandan, Narayan
A1  - Pintar, Frank A.
A1  - Wolfla, Christopher E.
A1  - Chancey, Valeta Carol
A1  - McEntire, B. Joseph
SP  - 265
EP  - 281
VL  - 7
IS  - 3-4
N2  - This review paper presents an initial synthesis of thoracic spine data from postmortem human surrogate (PMHS) experiments. Data from component, functional and multi-segmental spine units, and intact thoracic column and PMHS models are synthesised using the peak failure force, deflection, stiffness and energy parameters. These responses are evaluated based on two age groups and at low and high strain rates for the upper, middle and lower thoracic spine regions. The analysis shows the complexity of the thoracic spine response to external loading and emphasises the need to obtain data from additional tests by increasing sample sizes and use of other uniaxial and combined loading modes to delineate injuries, injury mechanisms and develop injury risk functions for the development and validation of biofidelic manikins for occupant safety in motor vehicle, sports and military environments including underbody body blast loadings. Copyright  2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1479-3105
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJVS.2014.063260
ID  - ref1
ER  -