TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2014//
TI  - Searching for a neurobiological basis for self-medication theory in ADHD comorbid with substance use disorders: an in vivo study of dopamine transporters using (99m)Tc-TRODAT-1 SPECT
JO  - Clinical nuclear medicine
A1  - Silva, Neivo
A1  - Szobot, Claudia M.
A1  - Shih, Ming C.
A1  - Hoexter, Marcelo Q.
A1  - Anselmi, Carlos Eduardo
A1  - Pechansky, Flavio
A1  - Bressan, Rodrigo Affonseca
A1  - Rohde, Luis Augusto Paim
SP  - e129
EP  - e134
VL  - 39
IS  - 2
N2  - PURPOSE: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and substance use disorders (SUD) frequently co-occur. Although several studies have shown changes in striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) density in these disorders, little is known about the neurobiological basis of the comorbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate striatal DAT density in treatment-naive ADHD adolescents with SUD (ADHD + SUD) and without SUD (ADHD), compared to SUD adolescents without ADHD (SUD) and healthy control subjects (HC). <br><br>PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-two male age-matched subjects diagnosed with DSM-IV criteria were included: ADHD + SUD (n = 18), SUD (n = 14), HC (n = 19), and ADHD (n = 11). Urine tests confirmed participants' drug use. All subjects performed SPECT scans with Tc-TRODAT-1 to evaluate DAT density in the striatum. <br><br>RESULTS: The mean right striatum specific binding were 1.68 (ADHD), 1.38 (ADHD + SUD), 1.19 (HC), 1.17 (SUD), and in left striatum 1.65 (ADHD), 1.39 (ADHD + SUD), 1.19 (HC), and 1.17 (SUD). The ADHD group presented significantly higher striatal DAT density compared with ADHD + SUD, SUD, and HC groups. Adolescents with ADHD + SUD had significantly lower DAT density than those with ADHD, but significantly higher DAT density than those with SUD only and no significant difference from the healthy control group. <br><br>CONCLUSION: The ADHD + SUD group had lower striatal DAT density in comparison with ADHD without SUD. It is possible to speculate that the use of cannabis and cocaine is responsible for the lower striatal DAT density in this group which would help in understanding the neurobiological basis for the self-medication theory in ADHD adolescents.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0363-9762
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0b013e31829f9119
ID  - ref1
ER  -