TY  - JOUR
PY  - 1991//
TI  - Causality between transnational terrorism and tourism: the case of Spain
JO  - Terrorism
A1  - Enders, Walter
A1  - Sandler, Todd
SP  - 49
EP  - 58
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
N2  - The purpose of this paper is to devise a methodology for estimating the impact of transnational terrorism on tourism. Using monthly data from 1970-1988, we estimate the relationship between terrorism and tourism for Spain. We find that terrorist events have had a significant negative impact on the number of tourists visiting Spain. A typical incident is estimated as scaring away just over 140,000 tourists when all monthly impacts are combined. Moreover, the causality is unidirectional: terrorism affects tourism, but not the reverse.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0149-0389
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10576109108435856
ID  - ref1
ER  -