TY - JOUR
PY - 2016//
TI - Inhalational mercury toxicity from artisanal gold extraction reported to the Oregon poison center, 2002-2015
JO - Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
A1 - Noble, Matthew J.
A1 - Decker, Stewart L.
A1 - Zane Horowitz, B.
SP - 847
EP - 851
VL - 54
IS - 9
N2 - CONTEXT: Mercury exposure has been described among small-scale gold mining communities in developing countries, but reports of inhalational mercury toxicity among home gold extractors in the US remain uncommon.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify inhalational mercury exposures and toxicity among artisanal gold extractors.
METHODS: This is an observational case series of a single Poison Center database from 2002-2015. We review all cases of "mercury" or "mercury inhalation" exposures, with detailed description of a recent representative case.
RESULTS: Nine cases were reported, with patients' ages ranging 32-81 years. Eight (89%) patients were male. Seven of eight (88%) patients with acute exposures reported pulmonary symptoms consistent with mercury vapor inhalation such as dyspnea and cough; two (29%) patients had severe toxicity requiring intubation. Four of six (67%) patients had markedly elevated whole blood mercury concentrations up to 346 mcg/L; each received a different chelation regimen. Four (44%) patients used methamphetamines at the time of their exposure. The case report describes a patient with elevated mercury concentrations who required intubation for hypoxic respiratory failure. He received chelation therapy based on chelator availability, with decreasing 24-hour urine mercury concentrations. The house where he was exposed remains uninhabitable from elevated ambient mercury vapor concentrations.
CONCLUSION: Artisanal gold extraction may be associated with inhalational mercury toxicity, including elevated blood mercury concentrations and acute hypoxic lung injury requiring intubation.
Language: en
LA - en SN - 1556-3650 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2016.1199029 ID - ref1 ER -