TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2016//
TI  - Crack cocaine addiction, early life stress and accelerated cellular aging among women
JO  - Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology and biological psychiatry
A1  - Levandowski, Mateus Luz
A1  - Tractenberg, Saulo Gantes
A1  - de Azeredo, Lucas Araújo
A1  - De Nardi, Tatiana
A1  - Rovaris, Diego Luiz
A1  - Bau, Claiton H. D.
A1  - Rizzo, Lucas B.
A1  - Maurya, Pawan Kumar
A1  - Brietzke, Elisa
A1  - Tyrka, Audrey R.
A1  - Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo
SP  - 83
EP  - 89
VL  - 71
IS  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Early life stress (ELS) and addiction are related to age-related diseases and telomere shortening. However, the role of telomere length (TL) in crack cocaine addiction remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the TL in a sample of crack cocaine dependent-women who reported an ELS history and in a community-based sample of elderly women as a reference group for senescence. <br><br>METHODS: This study included treatment seeking crack cocaine dependents women (n=127) and elderly women without a psychiatric diagnosis (ELD, n=49). The crack cocaine sample was divided in two groups according to their Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) scores: presence of history of childhood abuse and neglect (CRACK-ELS) and absence of ELS history (CRACK). TL was assessed by T/S ratio obtained from peripheral blood DNA using quantitative PCR assay. <br><br>RESULTS: CRACK and CRACK-ELS subjects exhibited shortened TL in comparison to the ELD group, despite their younger age. Among crack cocaine sample, CRACK-ELS group had significantly shorter telomeres than the CRACK group. Correlation analysis within crack cocaine group indicated that TL was negatively correlated with emotional abuse scores. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: These results support previous findings associating telomere shortening with both ELS and drug addiction. This study suggests new evidence of a distinct biological phenotype for drug-dependent women with ELS. The results support the biological senescence hypothesis underpinning ELS experience.<br><br>Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Inc.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0278-5846
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.06.009
ID  - ref1
ER  -