TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2018//
TI  - Illuminance required to detect a pavement obstacle of critical size
JO  - Lighting research and technology
A1  - Fotios, S.
A1  - Uttley, J.
SP  - 390
EP  - 404
VL  - 50
IS  - 3
N2  - This paper investigates the illuminance needed to detect trip hazards for pedestrians walking after dark. In previous work, it was assumed that the critical obstacle height is 25 mm: further review of accident data and foot clearance data suggests instead that 10 mm is the critical height. Eye tracking records suggest a tendency for obstacles to be detected approximately 3.4 m ahead. Interpretation of obstacle detection data suggests horizontal photopic illuminances of up to 0.9 lux are required for peripheral detection of a 10 mm obstacle 3.4 m ahead, according to the scotopic/photopic ratio of the lighting and the age of the observer.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1477-1535
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153516659783
ID  - ref1
ER  -