TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2016//
TI  - European longitudinal study on the relationship between adolescents' alcohol marketing exposure and alcohol use
JO  - Addiction
A1  - de Bruijn, Avalon
A1  - Tanghe, Jacqueline
A1  - de Leeuw, Rebecca
A1  - Engels, Rutger
A1  - Anderson, Peter
A1  - Beccaria, Franca
A1  - Bujalski, Michał
A1  - Celata, Corrado
A1  - Gosselt, Jordy
A1  - Schreckenberg, Dirk
A1  - Słodownik, Luiza
A1  - Wothge, Jördis
A1  - van Dalen, Wim
SP  - 1774
EP  - 1783
VL  - 111
IS  - 10
N2  - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This is the first study to examine the effect of alcohol marketing exposure on adolescents' drinking in a cross-national context. The aim was to examine reciprocal processes between exposure to a wide range of alcohol marketing types and adolescent drinking, controlled for non-alcohol branded media exposure. <br><br>DESIGN: Prospective observational study (11-12- and 14-17-month intervals), using a three-wave autoregressive cross-lagged model. SETTING: School-based sample in 181 state-funded schools in Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Poland. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 9075 eligible respondents participated in the survey (mean age 14 years, 49.5% male. MEASUREMENTS: Adolescents reported their frequency of past-month drinking and binge drinking. Alcohol marketing exposure was measured by a latent variable with 13 items measuring exposure to online alcohol marketing, televised alcohol advertising, alcohol sport sponsorship, music event/festival sponsorship, ownership alcohol-branded promotional items, reception of free samples and exposure to price offers. Confounders were age, gender, education, country, internet use, exposure to non-alcohol sponsored football championships and television programmes without alcohol commercials. <br><br>FINDINGS: The analyses showed one-directional long-term effects of alcohol marketing exposure on drinking (exposure T1 on drinking T2: β = 0.420 (0.058), P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.324-0.515; exposure T2 on drinking T3: β = 0.200 (0.044), P < 0.001, 95% CI = 0.127-0.272; drinking T1 and drinking T2 on exposure: P > 0.05). Similar results were found in the binge drinking model (exposure T1 on binge T2: β = 0.409 (0.054), P < 0.001, 95% CI = 0.320-0.499; exposure T2 on binge T3: β = 0.168 (0.050), P = 0.001, 95% CI = 0.086-0.250; binge T1 and binge T2 on exposure: P > 0.05). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: There appears to be a one-way effect of alcohol marketing exposure on adolescents' alcohol use over time, which cannot be explained by either previous drinking or exposure to non-alcohol-branded marketing.<br><br>© 2016 Society for the Study of Addiction.    Keywords: Soccer<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0965-2140
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/add.13455
ID  - ref1
ER  -