TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2016//
TI  - Decision-making ability in current and past users of opiates: a meta-analysis
JO  - Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
A1  - Biernacki, Kathryn
A1  - McLennan, Skye N.
A1  - Terrett, Gill
A1  - Labuschagne, Izelle
A1  - Rendell, Peter G.
SP  - 342
EP  - 351
VL  - 71
IS  - 
N2  - Opiate use is associated with deficits in decision-making. However, the impact of abstinence and co-morbid factors, like head injury and poly-substance abuse, on this ability, is currently unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to assess 1) the magnitude of decision-making deficits in opiate users; 2) whether co-morbid factors moderate the severity of these deficits; 3) whether ex-opiate users demonstrate smaller decision-making deficits than current users; and 4) whether the length of abstinence is related to the magnitude of decision-making deficits. We analysed 22 studies that compared the performance of current and ex-opiate users to healthy controls on decision-making measures such as the Iowa Gambling Task. Current users demonstrated a moderately strong impairment in decision-making relative to controls, which was not significantly moderated by co-morbid factors. The magnitude of the impairment did not significantly differ between studies assessing current or ex-users, and this impairment was not related to length of abstinence. Thus, it appears that opiate users have relatively severe decision-making deficits that persist at least 1.5 years after cessation of use.<br><br>Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0149-7634
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.09.011
ID  - ref1
ER  -