TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2016//
TI  - The potential for animal models to provide insight into mild traumatic brain injury: translational challenges and strategies
JO  - Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
A1  - Shultz, Sandy R.
A1  - McDonald, Stuart J.
A1  - Haar, Cole Vonder
A1  - Meconi, Alicia
A1  - Vink, Robert
A1  - van Donkelaar, Paul
A1  - Taneja, Chand
A1  - Iverson, Grant L.
A1  - Christie, Brian R.
SP  - 396
EP  - 414
VL  - 76
IS  - Pt B
N2  - Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a common health problem. There is tremendous variability and heterogeneity in human mTBI, including mechanisms of injury, biomechanical forces, injury severity, spatial and temporal pathophysiology, genetic factors, pre-injury vulnerability and resilience factors, and clinical outcomes. Animal models greatly reduce this variability and heterogeneity, and provide a means to study mTBI in a rigorous, controlled, and efficient manner. Rodent models, in particular, are time- and cost-efficient, and they allow researchers to measure morphological, cellular, molecular, and behavioral variables in a single study. However, inter-species differences in anatomy, morphology, metabolism, neurobiology, and lifespan create translational challenges. Although the term "mild" TBI is used often in the pre-clinical literature, clearly defined criteria for mild, moderate, and severe TBI in animal models have not been agreed upon. In this review, we introduce current issues facing the mTBI field, summarize the available research methodologies and previous studies in mTBI animal models, and discuss how a translational research approach may be useful in advancing our understanding and management of mTBI.<br><br>Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0149-7634
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.09.014
ID  - ref1
ER  -