TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2016//
TI  - Fault activation by hydraulic fracturing in western Canada
JO  - Science
A1  - Bao, Xuewei
A1  - Eaton, David W.
SP  - 1406
EP  - 1409
VL  - 354
IS  - 6318
N2  - Hydraulic fracturing has been inferred to trigger the majority of injection-induced earthquakes in western Canada, in contrast to the midwestern United States where massive saltwater disposal is the dominant triggering mechanism. A template-based earthquake catalog from a seismically active Canadian shale play, combined with comprehensive injection data during a 4-month interval, shows that earthquakes are tightly clustered in space and time near hydraulic fracturing sites. The largest event [moment magnitude (MW) 3.9] occurred several weeks after injection along a fault that appears to extend from the injection zone into crystalline basement. Patterns of seismicity indicate that stress changes during operations can activate fault slip to an offset distance of >1 km, whereas pressurization by hydraulic fracturing into a fault yields episodic seismicity that can persist for months.<br><br>Copyright © 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0036-8075
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aag2583
ID  - ref1
ER  -