TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2016//
TI  - Social cognitive predictors of treatment outcome in cannabis dependence
JO  - Drug and alcohol dependence
A1  - Gullo, Matthew J.
A1  - Matveeva, Marya
A1  - Feeney, Gerald F. X.
A1  - Young, Ross McD
A1  - Connor, Jason P.
SP  - 74
EP  - 81
VL  - 170
IS  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Drug-related outcomes expectancies and refusal self-efficacy are core components of Social Cognitive Theory. Both predict treatment outcome in alcohol use disorders. Few studies have reported expectancies and refusal self-efficacy in cannabis dependence. None have examined both, although both constructs are key targets in Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT). This study tests the predictive role of expectancies and refusal self-efficacy in treatment outcome for cannabis dependence. <br><br>DESIGN: Outpatients completed a comprehensive assessment when commencing cannabis treatment and predictors of treatment outcome were tested. SETTING: A university hospital alcohol and drug outpatient clinic. PARTICIPANTS: 221 cannabis-dependent patients participated in a 6-week CBT program where the goal was abstinence. MEASUREMENTS: Cannabis Expectancy Questionnaire and Cannabis Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, cannabis dependence severity [Severity of Dependence Scale], psychological distress [General Health Questionnaire] at baseline; the timeline follow-back procedure at baseline and each session. <br><br>FINDINGS: Patients reporting lower confidence in their ability to resist cannabis during high negative affect (emotional relief refusal self-efficacy) had a lower likelihood of abstinence (p=0.004), more days of use (p<0.001), and larger amount used (p<0.001). Negative cannabis expectancies predicted greater likelihood of abstinence (p=0.024). Higher positive expectancies were associated with lower emotional relief self-efficacy, mediating its association with outcome (p<0.001). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Emotional relief refusal self-efficacy and negative expectancies are predictive of better treatment outcomes for cannabis dependence. Positive expectancies may indirectly predict poorer outcome because of a negative association with self-efficacy, but this conclusion remains tentative as directionality could not be established.<br><br>Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0376-8716
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.030
ID  - ref1
ER  -