TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2017//
TI  - The invisibility of mild traumatic brain injury: impaired cognitive performance as a silent symptom
JO  - Journal of neurotrauma
A1  - Heim, Leore R.
A1  - Badar, Miaad
A1  - Edut, Shahaf
A1  - Rachmany, Lital
A1  - Baratz, Renana
A1  - Lin, Ran
A1  - Elpaz, Aviya
A1  - Qubty, Doaa
A1  - Bikovski, Lior
A1  - Rubovitch, Vardit
A1  - Schreiber, Shaul
A1  - Pick, Chaim G.
SP  - 2518
EP  - 2528
VL  - 34
IS  - 17
N2  - The present study was designed to tackle two notorious features of mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) - heterogeneity and invisibility - by characterizing the full scope of mTBI symptoms. Mice were exposed to brain injuries of different intensities utilizing a weight-drop model (10, 30, 50, and 70g), and subsequently subjected to a comprehensive battery of behavioral tests at different time points, and immunohistochemical examination of cortical slices. While the physiological, neurological, emotional, and motor function of mTBI mice, i.e. their well-being, remained largely intact, cognitive deficits were identified by the y-maze and novel object recognition. <br><br>RESULTS from these two cognitive tests were combined and a dose-response relationship was established between injury intensity and cognitive impairment, ranging from an 85% decline following a 70g impact (p<0.001) to a 20% decline following a 10g impact (essentially no effect). In addition, higher intensities of injury were accompanied by decreased expression of axonal and synaptic markers. Thus, our mTBI mice showed a clear discrepancy between performance (poor cognitive function) and appearance (healthy demeanor). This is of major concern given that diagnosis of mTBI is established on the presence of clinical symptoms, and emphasizes the need for an alternative diagnostic modality.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0897-7151
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/neu.2016.4909
ID  - ref1
ER  -