TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2017//
TI  - HPA axis genes, and their interaction with childhood maltreatment, are related to cortisol levels and stress-related phenotypes
JO  - Neuropsychopharmacology
A1  - Gerritsen, Lotte
A1  - Milaneschi, Yuri
A1  - Vinkers, Christiaan
A1  - van Hemert, Bert
A1  - van Velzen, Laura
A1  - Schmaal, Lianne
A1  - Penninx, Brenda Wjh
SP  - 2446
EP  - 2455
VL  - 42
IS  - 12
N2  - Stress responses are controlled by the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal (HPA)-axis and maladaptive stress responses are associated with the onset and maintenance of stress-related disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD). Genes that play a role in the HPA-axis regulation may likely contribute to the relation between relevant neurobiological substrates and stress-related disorders. Therefore, we performed gene-wide analyses for 30 a-priori literature-based genes involved in HPA-axis regulation in 2014 subjects (34% male; mean age: 42.5) to study the relations with lifetime MDD diagnosis, cortisol awakening response and dexamethasone suppression test (DST) levels (subsample N=1472) and hippocampal and amygdala volume (3T MR images; subsample N=225). Additionally, gene by childhood maltreatment (CM) interactions were investigated. Gene-wide significant results were found for dexamethasone suppression (CYP11A1, CYP17A1, POU1F1, AKR1D1), hippocampal volume (CYP17A1, CYP11A1, HSD3B2, PROP1, AVPRA1, SRD5A1), amygdala volume (POMC, CRH, HSD3B2) and lifetime MDD diagnosis (FKBP5 and CRH), all permutation p-values<0.05. Interactions with CM were found for several genes; the strongest interactions were found for NR3C2, where the minor allele of SNP rs17581262 was related to smaller hippocampal volume, smaller amygdala volume, higher DST levels and higher odds of MDD diagnosis only in participants with CM. As hypothesized, several HPA-axis genes are associated with stress-response related endophenotypes including cortisol response and reduced brain volumes. Furthermore, we found a pleiotropic interaction between CM and the mineralocorticoid receptor gene, suggesting that this gene plays an important moderating role in stress and stress-related disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology accepted article preview online, 07 June 2017. doi:10.1038/npp.2017.118.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0893-133X
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2017.118
ID  - ref1
ER  -