TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2017//
TI  - Trends in prescription opioids detected in fatally injured drivers in 6 US states: 1995-2015
JO  - American journal of public health
A1  - Chihuri, Stanford
A1  - Li, Guohua
SP  - 1487
EP  - 1492
VL  - 107
IS  - 9
N2  - OBJECTIVES: To assess the time trends in prescription opioids detected in fatally injured drivers. <br><br>METHODS: We analyzed 1995 to 2015 Fatality Analysis Reporting System data from California, Hawaii, Illinois, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and West Virginia of toxicological tests for drivers fatally injured within 1 hour of a crash (n = 36 729). We used the Cochran-Armitage test for trend to assess the statistical significance of changes in the prevalence of prescription opioids detected in these drivers over time. <br><br>RESULTS: The prevalence of prescription opioids detected in fatally injured drivers increased from 1.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.5, 1.4) in 1995 to 7.2% (95% CI = 5.7, 8.8) in 2015 (Z = -9.04; P < .001). Prescription opioid prevalence was higher in female than in male drivers (4.4% vs 2.9%; P < .001). Of the drivers testing positive for prescription opioids, 30.0% had elevated blood alcohol concentrations (≥ 0.01 g/dL), and 66.9% tested positive for other drugs. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of prescription opioids detected in fatally injured drivers has increased in the past 2 decades. The need to assess the effect of increased prescription opioid use on traffic safety is urgent. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print July 20, 2017: e1-e6. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.303902).<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0090-0036
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.303902
ID  - ref1
ER  -