TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2018//
TI  - Health impact assessment of cycling network expansions in European cities
JO  - Preventive medicine
A1  - Mueller, Natalie
A1  - Rojas-Rueda, David
A1  - Salmon, Maëlle
A1  - Martínez, David
A1  - Ambros, Albert
A1  - Brand, Christian
A1  - de Nazelle, Audrey
A1  - Dons, Evi
A1  - Gaupp-Berghausen, Mailin
A1  - Gerike, Regine
A1  - Gotschi, Thomas
A1  - Iacorossi, Francesco
A1  - Panis, Luc Int
A1  - Kahlmeier, Sonja
A1  - Raser, Elisabeth
A1  - Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark
SP  - 62
EP  - 70
VL  - 109
IS  - 
N2  - We conducted a health impact assessment (HIA) of cycling network expansions in seven European cities. We modeled the association between cycling network length and cycling mode share and estimated health impacts of the expansion of cycling networks. First, we performed a non-linear least square regression to assess the relationship between cycling network length and cycling mode share for 167 European cities. Second, we conducted a quantitative HIA for the seven cities of different scenarios (S) assessing how an expansion of the cycling network [i.e. 10% (S1); 50% (S2); 100% (S3), and all-streets (S4)] would lead to an increase in cycling mode share and estimated mortality impacts thereof. We quantified mortality impacts for changes in physical activity, air pollution and traffic incidents. Third, we conducted a cost-benefit analysis. The cycling network length was associated with a cycling mode share of up to 24.7% in European cities. The all-streets scenario (S4) produced greatest benefits through increases in cycling for London with 1210 premature deaths (95% CI: 447-1972) avoidable annually, followed by Rome (433; 95% CI: 170-695), Barcelona (248; 95% CI: 86-410), Vienna (146; 95% CI: 40-252), Zurich (58; 95% CI: 16-100) and Antwerp (7; 95% CI: 3-11). The largest cost-benefit ratios were found for the 10% increase in cycling networks (S1). If all 167 European cities achieved a cycling mode share of 24.7% over 10,000 premature deaths could be avoided annually. In European cities, expansions of cycling networks were associated with increases in cycling and estimated to provide health and economic benefits.<br><br>Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0091-7435
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.12.011
ID  - ref1
ER  -