TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2018//
TI  - School achievement as a predictor of depression and self-harm in adolescence: linked education and health record study
JO  - British journal of psychiatry
A1  - Rahman, Muhammad A.
A1  - Todd, Charlotte
A1  - John, Ann
A1  - Tan, Jacinta
A1  - Kerr, Michael
A1  - Potter, Robert
A1  - Kennedy, Jonathan
A1  - Rice, Frances
A1  - Brophy, Sinead
SP  - 215
EP  - 221
VL  - 212
IS  - 4
N2  - BACKGROUND: Mental disorders in children and adolescents have an impact on educational attainment. Aims To examine the temporal association between attainment in education and subsequent diagnosis of depression or self-harm in the teenage years. <br><br>METHOD: General practitioner, hospital and education records of young people in Wales between 1999 and 2014 were linked and analysed using Cox regression. <br><br>RESULTS: Linked records were available for 652 903 young people and of these 33 498 (5.1%) developed depression and 15 946 (2.4%) self-harmed after the age of 12 but before the age of 20. Young people who developed depression over the study period were more likely to have achieved key stage 1 (age 7 years) but not key stage 2 (age 11) (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.79, 95% CI 0.74-0.84) milestones, indicating that they were declining in academic attainment during primary school. Conversely, those who self-harmed were achieving as well as those who did not self-harm in primary school, but showed a severe decline in their attainment during secondary school (HR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.68-0.78). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Long-term declining educational attainment in primary and secondary school was associated with development of depression in the teenage years. Self-harm was associated with declining educational attainment during secondary school only. Incorporating information on academic decline with other known risk factors for depression/self-harm (for example stressful life events, parental mental health problems) may improve risk profiling methods. Declaration of interest None.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0007-1250
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2017.69
ID  - ref1
ER  -