TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2018//
TI  - Distinct trauma types in military service members seeking treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder
JO  - Journal of Traumatic Stress
A1  - Litz, Brett T.
A1  - Contractor, Ateka A.
A1  - Rhodes, Charla
A1  - Dondanville, Katherine A.
A1  - Jordan, Alexander H.
A1  - Resick, Patricia A.
A1  - Foa, Edna B.
A1  - Young-McCaughan, Stacey
A1  - Mintz, Jim
A1  - Yarvis, Jeffrey S.
A1  - Peterson, Alan L.
SP  - 286
EP  - 295
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
N2  - We examined the frequency of trauma types reported in a cohort of service members seeking treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and compared symptom profiles between types. In this observational study, 999 service members (9.2% women; M<sub>age</sub> = 32.91 years; 55.6% White) were evaluated using a standardized assessment procedure to determine eligibility for clinical trials. Participants were evaluated for DSM-IV-TR-defined PTSD using the PTSD Symptom Scale-Interview; all participants reported a Criterion A event. Independent evaluators rated descriptions of Criterion A events as belonging to trauma types at a high degree of reliability, κ = 0.80. Aggregated non-life-threat primary trauma types were more frequently endorsed than aggregated life-threat types, 95% CI [17.10%, 29.20%]. Participants who endorsed moral injury-self traumas had a higher level of reexperiencing (d = 0.39), guilt (hindsight bias, d = 1.06; wrongdoing, d = 0.93), and self-blame (d = 0.58) symptoms, relative to those who reported life threat-self. Participants who experienced traumatic loss had greater reexperiencing (d = 0.39), avoidance (d = 0.22), guilt (responsibility, d = 0.39), and greater peri- and posttraumatic sadness (d = 0.84 and d = 0.70, respectively) symptoms, relative to those who endorsed life threat-self. Relative to life threat-self, moral injury-others was associated with greater peri- (d = 0.36) and posttraumatic (d = 0.33) betrayal/humiliation symptoms, and endorsement of aftermath of violence was associated with greater peri- (d = 0.84) and posttraumatic sadness (d = 0.57) symptoms. War zone traumas were heterogeneous, and non-life-threat traumas were associated with distinct symptoms and problems.<br><br>Published 2018. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0894-9867
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jts.22276
ID  - ref1
ER  -