TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2018//
TI  - Long-term ambient temperature and externalizing behaviors in adolescents
JO  - American journal of epidemiology
A1  - Younan, Diana
A1  - Li, Lianfa
A1  - Tuvblad, Catherine
A1  - Wu, Jun
A1  - Lurmann, Fred
A1  - Franklin, Meredith
A1  - Berhane, Kiros
A1  - McConnell, Rob
A1  - Wu, Anna H.
A1  - Baker, Laura A.
A1  - Chen, Jiu-Chiuan
SP  - 1931
EP  - 1941
VL  - 187
IS  - 9
N2  - The climate-violence relationship has been debated for decades, and yet most of the supportive evidence came from ecological or cross-sectional analyses with very limited long-term exposure data. We conducted an individual-level, longitudinal study to investigate the association between ambient temperature and externalizing behaviors of urban-dwelling adolescents. Participants (n = 1,287) of the Risk Factors for Antisocial Behavior Study were examined in 2000-2012 (aged 9-18 years) with repeated assessments of their externalizing behaviors (aggression; delinquency). Ambient temperature data were obtained from the local Meteorological Information System. In adjusted multi-level models, aggressive behaviors significantly increased with rising average temperatures (per 1°C-increment) in preceding 1-3 years (β = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.46; β = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.63; β = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.74; respectively), equivalent to 1.5-3 years of delay in age-related behavioral maturation. These associations were slightly stronger among girls and families of lower socioeconomic status, but greatly diminished in neighborhoods with higher greenspace. No significant associations were found with delinquency. Our study provides the first individual-level epidemiologic evidence supporting the adverse association of long-term ambient temperature and aggression. Similar approaches to studying meteorology and violent crimes may further inform scientific debates on climate change and collective violence.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0002-9262
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwy104
ID  - ref1
ER  -