TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2017//
TI  - Fight by appointment: statements for organized forms of group violence
JO  - Tijdschrift voor Criminologie
A1  - Ham, Tom
SP  - 393
EP  - 405
VL  - 59
IS  - 4
N2  - Collective violence around football has been a topic of research since the 1980s. In the Netherlands, in recent decades the size and severity of this problem have declined sharply and the number of incidents has stabilized due to measures. At the same time, these measures have resulted in an increase of football-related incidents outside of and other days than match days. Confrontations based upon prior mutual agreements, so-called arranged confrontations, are an example of this. Based on multiple research methods, in this article the underlying causes of organized confrontations and processes are influencing individual participation are addressed. <br><br>RESULTS show that this type of collective violence and partaking in it has various causes and explanations.     collective, violence, hooliganism, organized confrontations, group dynamics<p />  <p>Language: nl</p>
LA  - nl
SN  - 0165-182X
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -