TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2017//
TI  - Hard core supporters, occasional structures and organized crime
JO  - Tijdschrift voor Criminologie
A1  - Collard, Bart
A1  - Kleemans, Edward
SP  - 406
EP  - 424
VL  - 59
IS  - 4
N2  - This paper describes the results of twelve criminal investigations into criminal activities of hardcore supporters of a Dutch soccer club. The information from these criminal investigations consists of among other 74,246 transcribed, wiretapped telephone conversations and 643 pages with transcribed, secretly recorded conversations in cars (between March 2009 and June 2013). The organization and execution of these criminal activities (particularly large-scale drugs trade and extortion) is described within the context of the daily activities of these hardcore supporters. This context consists of regularly visiting soccer games (in the Netherlands and abroad), bars and the supportershome, and the subculture of hooliganism. The results show a criminal group using the opportunity structures related to hooliganism for carrying out criminal activities.       Trefwoorden	hooliganism, organized crime, drugs trade, social opportunity, social embeddedness<p />  <p>Language: nl</p>
LA  - nl
SN  - 0165-182X
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -