TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2017//
TI  - Did Armstrong cheat?
JO  - Sport, ethics and philosophy
A1  - Moore, Eric
SP  - 413
EP  - 427
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
N2  - In this paper, I explore the idea that under one way of understanding cheating, Armstrong did not fulfill any of the three necessary conditions: (1) that cheating violates a rule--I will make the case that though doping was against the official rules, it was not against the rules the athletes used; (2) that it is cheating if the intent is to obtain an unfair advantage--I will argue that dopers were not attempting to obtain an unfair advantage, at least on one plausible understanding of fairness; and (3) that cheating requires fair enforcement of the rules--I will show that the official rules against doping were hardly enforced at all, much less fairly enforced, and thus lacked enough sufficient normative force to deem breaking them cheating.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1751-1321
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17511321.2017.1292306
ID  - ref1
ER  -