TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2018//
TI  - Embrittlement of welded joints of tram rails in city environments
JO  - Engineering failure analysis
A1  - Kawiak, M.
A1  - Balitskii, A.
SP  - 97
EP  - 103
VL  - 85
IS  - 
N2  - This paper concerns the issue of cracking of thermite-welded tram rails. The work presents cases of rail cracking revealed directly after welding or after a short period of track operation. The results of static strength tests, resistance to brittle cracking tests, microstructure and chemical composition examinations of a rail that cracked after thermite welding are discussed. It is emphasised that the main cause of occurrence of cracks in the area of rail web is thermal (welding) stresses. Non-metallic inclusions, the presence of hydrogen in the rail and the influence of an active environment were pointed out as factors conducive to the occurrence of brittle cracks.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1350-6307
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.12.011
ID  - ref1
ER  -