TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2018//
TI  - The lack of standardized outcome measures following lower extremity injury in elite soccer: a systematic review
JO  - Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy
A1  - Zuke, William A.
A1  - Agarwalla, Avinesh
A1  - Go, Beatrice
A1  - Griffin, Justin W.
A1  - Cole, Brian J.
A1  - Verma, Nikhil N.
A1  - Bach, Bernard R.
A1  - Forsythe, Brian
SP  - 3109
EP  - 3117
VL  - 26
IS  - 10
N2  - PURPOSE: Sport-specific, performance-based outcomes are increasingly used to improve evaluation of treatment efficacy in elite athletes; however, its usage in elite soccer may be limited. The purpose of this investigation is to (1) assess current outcome reporting in elite soccer; (2) identify any variability in reporting of outcomes; and (3) determine how sport-specific performance-based outcomes are utilized to assess treatment efficacy in elite soccer. <br><br>METHODS: A systematic review of the Pubmed, MEDLINE, and Embase, Scopus, SportDiscus, CINAHL and HealthSource: Nursing databases was performed without limitation on publication year. Inclusion criteria were (1) reporting of outcomes after a (2) lower extremity injury in (3) elite soccer players. The study's population, type of injury, return to play, as well as functional, objective, and sport-specific performance-based outcomes were extracted from each article. The methodological index for nonrandomized studies was used for quality assessment. <br><br>RESULTS: Twenty-one studies were selected after application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. <br><br>OBJECTIVE outcomes were reported by 6 (29%) studies, and 6 (29%) employed patient-reported outcomes. The visual analog scale, Lysholm, and Tegner scores were the most common patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Return to play was reported by 18 (86%) studies, and only 2 (10%) utilized sport-specific performance-based outcomes. Despite the majority of studies reporting return to play, variation was seen in the definitions, and 15 (71%) studies reported the activity level of the players at final follow-up. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Assessment of treatment efficacy is limited in elite athletes, and PROs lack the sensitivity to identify residual performance deficits after an injury. Although performance-based measures are available at the elite level, these outcomes were seldom used for evaluation of treatment efficacy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: When treating elite soccer players, patient-reported outcome measures lack the sensitivity to detect changes in patient function, thus performance-based metrics may be more efficacious in assessing return from injury in these patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0942-2056
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00167-018-5032-1
ID  - ref1
ER  -