TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2019//
TI  - Alcohol consumption, depressive symptoms and the incidence of diabetes-related complications
JO  - Journal of diabetes
A1  - Elgendy, Randa
A1  - Deschênes, Sonya S.
A1  - Burns, Rachel J.
A1  - Levy, Melanie
A1  - Schmitz, Norbert
SP  - 14
EP  - 22
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
N2  - BACKGROUND: Heavy alcohol consumption in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is related to increased risk of diabetes-related micro- and macrovascular complications. Depressive symptoms may be relevant to consider in this relation, as high depressive symptoms are associated with increased risk of complications. We aimed to investigate whether the interaction between depressive symptoms and alcohol frequency will be positively related to development of neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, and coronary artery disease (CAD), such that those with high depressive symptoms and high alcohol frequency will be at increased risk for complications. <br><br>METHODS: Data were from five waves of the Evaluation of Diabetes Treatment study, an annual survey including 1413 adults with T2D in Quebec, Canada. Data on alcohol frequency (number of drinking occasions), depressive symptoms, and complications were collected annually. Multiple logistic regression analyses with generalized estimating equations were used to investigate the development of each complication. <br><br>RESULTS: After adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and diabetes-related covariates, the interaction between alcohol frequency and depressive symptoms was positively related to incidence of neuropathy and CAD, such that those with high depressive symptoms who drank the most frequently had the highest risk of neuropathy (OR=1.02, p=.04, CI [1.00, 1.04]) and CAD (OR=1.02, p=.04, CI [1.00, 1.04]). This interaction was not significantly related to retinopathy or nephropathy. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Individuals with high depressive symptoms and high frequency of alcohol consumption may have a particularly high risk of neuropathy and CAD. Future prevention efforts should examine both alcohol frequency and depressive symptoms when evaluating risk of complications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.<br><br>This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1753-0393
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.12822
ID  - ref1
ER  -