TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2011//
TI  - Rethinking insurgency: criminality, spirituality, and societal warfare in the Americas
JO  - Small wars and insurgencies
A1  - Sullivan, John P.
A1  - Bunker, Robert J.
SP  - 742
EP  - 763
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
N2  - Driven by globalization, Internet communications technology (ICT), and new economic forms the nature of states may be changing. Transnational criminal organizations (TCOs) - including what are commonly known as cartels - are early adopters to the new political/economic landscape. In addition to seeking to rule the illicit economy, criminal actors (networked cartels and gangs) are challenging states through high-order violence and leveraging nascent social/spiritual movements (narcocultura) to potentially usher in a new political dynamic. These violent non-state actors (criminal soldiers) are insurgent actors. They are waging new forms of insurgency - criminal and possibly spiritual - that have the potential to reconfigure states.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0959-2318
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592318.2011.625720
ID  - ref1
ER  -