TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2000//
TI  - Defrosting of automotive windshields: progress and challenges
JO  - International journal of vehicle design
A1  - Nasr, KJ
A1  - AbdulNour, Bash at S.
SP  - 360
EP  - 375
VL  - 23
IS  - 3-4
N2  - Climate control applications are of great interest to the automotive industry. The issue of windshield defrosting has received, and continues to receive, considerable attention from various investigators around the world. This paper presents an up-to-date assessment of our knowledge base on defrosting. It documents a comprehensive literature review covering experimental as well as computational efforts, accompanied by utilization of electric heating elements, conducting films, and heat storage devices. The paper also presents a list of measurement methods for airflow and thermal patterns pertinent to defrosting. It concludes with an example on quick detection of a defroster system performance, recommends a defroster system development sequence, and addresses relevant future challenges.<p />
LA  - en
SN  - 0143-3369
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -