TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2019//
TI  - Abuse, invalidation and lack of early warmth show distinct relationships with self-criticism, self-compassion and fear of self-compassion in personality disorder
JO  - Clinical psychology and psychotherapy
A1  - Naismith, Iona
A1  - Zarate Guerrero, Santiago
A1  - Feigenbaum, Janet
SP  - 350
EP  - 361
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
N2  - BACKGROUND: Cultivating self-compassion is increasingly recognized as a powerful method to regulate hyperactive threat-processes like shame and self-criticism, but fear of self-compassion (FSC) can inhibit this. These difficulties are under-explored in personality disorder (PD) despite their prevalence. Furthermore, little evidence exists regarding how these factors relate to adverse childhood events (ACEs) and attachment. <br><br>METHOD: 53 participants with a diagnosis of PD completed measures including childhood abuse/neglect, invalidation, early warmth, self-compassion, shame, self-criticism, FSC, and anxious/avoidant attachment. <br><br>RESULTS: Self-compassion was predicted uniquely by low early warmth; self-inadequacy by invalidation and abuse; whereas FSC was predicted by multiple ACEs. FSC and self-compassion were significantly correlated with self-criticism and shame, but not with one another. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Low self-compassion and high FSC appear to be distinct problems, substantiating physiological models proposing distinct threat and soothing systems. <br><br>RESULTS are consistent with theories positing that low self-compassion has distinct origins to shame, self-criticism and FSC.<br><br>This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1063-3995
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2357
ID  - ref1
ER  -