TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2019//
TI  - Age and sex-mediated differences in six-month outcomes after mild traumatic brain injury in young adults: a TRACK-TBI study
JO  - Neurological research
A1  - Yue, John K.
A1  - Levin, Harvey S.
A1  - Suen, Catherine G.
A1  - Morrissey, Molly Rose
A1  - Runyon, Sarah J.
A1  - Winkler, Ethan A.
A1  - Puffer, Ross C.
A1  - Deng, Hansen
A1  - Robinson, Caitlin K.
A1  - Rick, Jonathan W.
A1  - Phelps, Ryan R. L.
A1  - Sharma, Sourabh
A1  - Taylor, Sabrina R.
A1  - Vassar, Mary J.
A1  - Cnossen, Maryse C.
A1  - Lingsma, Hester F.
A1  - Gardner, Raquel C.
A1  - Temkin, Nancy R.
A1  - Barber, Jason
A1  - Dikmen, Sureyya S.
A1  - Yuh, Esther L.
A1  - Mukherjee, Pratik
A1  - Stein, Murray B.
A1  - Cage, Tene A.
A1  - Valadka, Alex B.
A1  - Okonkwo, David O.
A1  - Manley, Geoffrey T.
SP  - 609
EP  - 623
VL  - 41
IS  - 7
N2  - INTRODUCTION: Risk factors for young adults with mTBI are not well understood. Improved understanding of age and sex as risk factors for impaired six-month outcomes in young adults is needed. <br><br>METHODS: Young adult mTBI subjects aged 18-39 years (18-29y; 30-39y) with six-month outcomes were extracted from the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Pilot (TRACK-TBI Pilot) study. Multivariable regressions were performed for outcomes with age, sex, and the interaction factor age-group*sex as variables of interest, controlling for demographic and injury variables. Mean-differences (B) and 95% CIs are reported. <br><br>RESULTS: One hundred mTBI subjects (18-29y, 70%; 30-39y, 30%; male, 71%; female, 29%) met inclusion criteria. On multivariable analysis, age-group*sex was associated with six-month post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD; PTSD Checklist-Civilian version); compared with female 30-39y, female 18-29y (B= -19.55 [-26.54, -4.45]), male 18-29y (B= -19.70 [-30.07, -9.33]), and male 30-39y (B= -15.49 [-26.54, -4.45]) were associated with decreased PTSD symptomatology. Female sex was associated with decreased six-month functional outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE): B= -0.6 [1.0, -0.1]). Comparatively, 30-39y scored higher on six-month nonverbal processing speed (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Processing Speed Index (WAIS-PSI); B= 11.88, 95% CI [1.66, 22.09]). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Following mTBI, young adults aged 18-29y and 30-39y may have different risks for impairment. Sex may interact with age for PTSD symptomatology, with females 30-39y at highest risk. These results may be attributable to cortical maturation, biological response, social modifiers, and/or differential self-report. Confirmation in larger samples is needed; however, prevention and rehabilitation/counseling strategies after mTBI should likely be tailored for age and sex.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0161-6412
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2019.1602312
ID  - ref1
ER  -