TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2019//
TI  - The cerebellum is involved in processing of predictions and prediction errors in a fear conditioning paradigm
JO  - Elife
A1  - Ernst, Thomas Michael
A1  - Brol, Anna Evelina
A1  - Gratz, Marcel
A1  - Ritter, Christoph
A1  - Bingel, Ulrike
A1  - Schlamann, Marc
A1  - Maderwald, Stefan
A1  - Quick, Harald H.
A1  - Merz, Christian Josef
A1  - Timmann, Dagmar
SP  - e46831
EP  - e46831
VL  - 8
IS  - 
N2  - Prediction errors are thought to drive associative fear learning. Surprisingly little is known about the possible contribution of the cerebellum. To address this question, healthy participants underwent a differential fear conditioning paradigm during 7T magnetic resonance imaging. An event-related design allowed us to separate cerebellar fMRI signals related to the visual conditioned stimulus (CS) from signals related to the subsequent unconditioned stimulus (US; an aversive electric shock). We found significant activation of cerebellar lobules Crus I and VI bilaterally related to the CS+ compared to the CS-. Most importantly, significant activation of lobules Crus I and VI was also present during the unexpected omission of the US in unreinforced CS+ acquisition trials. This activation disappeared during extinction when US omission became expected. These findings provide evidence that the cerebellum has to be added to the neural network processing predictions and prediction errors in the emotional domain.<br><br>© 2019, Ernst et al.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 2050-084X
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.46831
ID  - ref1
ER  -