TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2019//
TI  - Long-term cognitive impairment without diffuse axonal injury following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury in rats
JO  - Behavioural brain research
A1  - Tadepalli, Sai Ambika
A1  - Kristóf Bali, Zsolt
A1  - Bruszt, Nóra
A1  - Nagy, Lili Veronika
A1  - Amrein, Krisztina
A1  - Fazekas, Bálint
A1  - Büki, Andras
A1  - Czeiter, Endre
A1  - Hernádi, István
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - Repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries (TBI) impair cognitive abilities and increase risk of neurodegenerative disorders in humans. We developed two repetitive mild TBI models in rats with different time intervals between successive weight-drop injuries. Rats were subjected to repetitive Sham (no injury), single mild (mTBI), repetitive mild (rmTBI - 5 hits, 24 h apart), rapid repetitive mild (rapTBI - 5 hits, 5 min apart) or a single severe (sTBI) TBI. Cognitive performance was assessed 2 and 8 weeks after TBI in the novel object recognition test (NOR), and 6-7 weeks after TBI in the water maze (MWM). Acute immunohistochemical markers were evaluated 24 h after TBI, and blood biomarkers were measured with ELISA 8 weeks after TBI. In the NOR, both rmTBI and rapTBI showed poor performance at 2 weeks post-injury. At 8 weeks post-injury, the rmTBI group still performed worse than the Sham and mTBI groups, while the rapTBI group recovered. In the MWM, the rapTBI group performed worse than the Sham and mTBI groups. Acute APP and RMO-14 immunohistochemistry showed axonal injury at the pontomedullary junction in the sTBI, but not in other groups. ELISA showed increased serum GFAP levels 8 weeks after sTBI, while no differences were found between the injury groups in the levels of phosphorylated-tau and S100β. <br><br>RESULTS suggest that the rmTBI protocol is the most suitable model for testing cognitive impairment after mild repetitive head injuries and that the prolonged cognitive impairment after repetitive mild TBI originates from different structural and molecular mechanisms compared to similar impairments after single sTBI.<br><br>Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier B.V.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0166-4328
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112268
ID  - ref1
ER  -