TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2019//
TI  - Dopaminergic D<sub>1</sub> receptor stimulation affects effort and risk preferences
JO  - Biological psychiatry
A1  - Soutschek, Alexander
A1  - Gvozdanovic, Geraldine
A1  - Kozak, Rouba
A1  - Duvvuri, Sridhar
A1  - de Martinis, Nicholas
A1  - Harel, Brian
A1  - Gray, David L.
A1  - Fehr, Ernst
A1  - Jetter, Alexander
A1  - Tobler, Philippe N.
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - BACKGROUND: Activation of D<sub>1</sub> receptors has been related to successful goal-directed behavior, but it remains unclear whether D<sub>1</sub> receptor activation causally tips the balance of weighing costs and benefits in humans. Here, we tested the impact of pharmacologically stimulated D<sub>1</sub> receptors on sensitivity to risk, delay, and effort costs in economic choice and investigated whether D<sub>1</sub> receptor stimulation would bias preferences toward options with increased costs in a cost-specific manner. <br><br>METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group phase 1 study, 120 healthy young volunteers received either placebo or 1 of 3 doses (6 mg, 15 mg, or 30 mg) of a novel, selective D<sub>1</sub> agonist (PF-06412562). After drug administration, participants performed decision tasks measuring their preferences for risky, delayed, and effortful outcomes. <br><br>RESULTS: Higher doses of the D<sub>1</sub> agonist increased the willingness to exert physical effort for reward as well as reduced the preference for risky outcomes. We observed no effects on preferences for delayed rewards. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The current results provide evidence that D<sub>1</sub> receptor stimulation causally affects core aspects of cost-benefit decision making in humans.<br><br>Copyright © 2019 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0006-3223
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.09.002
ID  - ref1
ER  -