TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2019//
TI  - Epidemiology of neck injuries accompanying sport concussions in youth over a 13-year period in a community-based healthcare system
JO  - International journal of sports physical therapy
A1  - Carmichael, Joel P.
A1  - Staton, Elizabeth W.
A1  - Blatchford, Patrick J.
A1  - Stevens-Lapsley, Jennifer
SP  - 334
EP  - 344
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
N2  - BACKGROUND: The same trauma that produces concussion may also produce neck injury. The signs of concussion and neck injury are similar, and symptoms after acceleration-deceleration trauma to the head-neck complex do not accurately discriminate between them. Research on the epidemiology of neck injury among sport-concussed youth is sparse. <br><br>PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of diagnosed neck injury in non-sport-related concussion (Non-SRC) versus sport-related concussion (SRC) in youth by age, sex, and sport. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional epidemiologic study. <br><br>METHODS: De-identified data from community-based electronic health records over 13 years were extracted to analyze rates and characteristics of neck injuries among non-SRCs and SRCs in youth aged five to 21. Neck injury diagnosis prevalence rates and odds ratios were calculated to estimate risk of neck injury among concussed youth, comparing non-SRCs to SRCs by age and sex. <br><br>RESULTS: Sixteen thousand, eight hundred eighty-five concussion records were extracted, of which 3,040 SRCs and 2,775 non-SRCs in youth aged five to 21 were identified by cross-filtering sport-related keywords (e.g., football, basketball, soccer, running, swimming, batting, horseback riding, skiing, etc.) with all ICD-9 and ICD-10 concussion codes. The prevalence of neck injuries diagnosed among SRCs (7.2%) was significantly different than the prevalence of neck injuries diagnosed among non-SRCs (12.1%, p < 0.000). Neck injury diagnoses were significantly more prevalent in females overall (p < 0.000) and among non-SRCs (p < 0.000). The prevalence of neck injury diagnoses was not significantly higher in concussed females versus concussed males with SRC (p = 0.164).Among youth aged five to 21 exposed to concussions, non-SRCs were more likely to be accompanied by a neck injury diagnosis than SRCs (OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.39 to 1.98; p < 0.000). Similarly, female-to-male neck injury proportion ratios were significantly higher in females in non-SRCs compared to SRCs (IPR 1.90, 95% CI 1.60 to 2.25, p < 0.000).Sports with highest prevalence of concussion differ from sports with highest prevalence of concussion-related neck injury in both sexes. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The overall prevalence of diagnosed neck injuries in youth was higher in non-SRCs compared to SRCs (12.1 vs. 7.2%, p < 0.001), with the highest prevalence at age 14 in both sexes. The risk of neck injury diagnosis accompanying concussion was significantly higher in females compared to males (6.1% difference; p < 0.000).<br><br>© 2019 by the Sports Physical Therapy Section.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 2159-2896
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.26603/ijspt20190334
ID  - ref1
ER  -