TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2019//
TI  - Associations between adverse childhood experiences and adversities later in life. Survey data from a high-risk Norwegian sample
JO  - Child abuse and neglect
A1  - Dovran, Anders
A1  - Winje, Dagfinn
A1  - Arefjord, Kjersti
A1  - Tobiassen, Stian
A1  - Stokke, Kristin
A1  - Skogen, Jens Christoffer
A1  - Øverland, Simon
SP  - e104234
EP  - e104234
VL  - 98
IS  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: A history of childhood abuse and neglect (CAN) is associated with exposure to later negative life events. CAN at an early age, multiple cooccurring exposures (cumulative events), and a high severity and frequency of exposure have potential detrimental long-term effects. <br><br>OBJECTIVE: The present study examines the relationship between the severity of CAN and the prevalence of school difficulties and hardship at school, adult adversity and mental health. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTINGS: Participants were recruited from in- and outpatient mental health or substance abuse treatment facilities, child protective services (CPS), and prisons (N = 809, age range = 13-66, mean age = 27.62, SD = 10.47). <br><br>METHODS: Exposure to childhood maltreatment was assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form (CTQ-SF). After adjusting for gender and age, we conducted a risk ratio regression analysis to investigate associations between severity of child abuse and neglect and hardship at school, adult adversity and adult mental health. <br><br>RESULTS: The moderate and severe level groups of CAN had statistically significant higher risk ratios for experiences of school difficulties, hardship at school, adult adversity and mental health problems. A robust dose-response was found between severity levels. <br><br>CONCLUSION: At an individual level the findings highlight the association between exposure to abuse and adult adversity, underscoring the importance of targeting individuals with high risk of exposure to CAN to reduce the negative long-term risk for Polyvictimization.<br><br>Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0145-2134
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104234
ID  - ref1
ER  -