TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2019//
TI  - Development of structure-function coupling in human brain networks during youth
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
A1  - Baum, Graham L.
A1  - Cui, Zaixu
A1  - Roalf, David R.
A1  - Ciric, Rastko
A1  - Betzel, Richard F.
A1  - Larsen, Bart
A1  - Cieslak, Matthew
A1  - Cook, Philip A.
A1  - Xia, Cedric H.
A1  - Moore, Tyler M.
A1  - Ruparel, Kosha
A1  - Oathes, Desmond J.
A1  - Alexander-Bloch, Aaron F.
A1  - Shinohara, Russell T.
A1  - Raznahan, Armin
A1  - Gur, Raquel E.
A1  - Gur, Ruben C.
A1  - Bassett, Danielle S.
A1  - Satterthwaite, Theodore D.
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - The human brain is organized into a hierarchy of functional systems that evolve in childhood and adolescence to support the dynamic control of attention and behavior. However, it remains unknown how developing white-matter architecture supports coordinated fluctuations in neural activity underlying cognition. We document marked remodeling of structure-function coupling in youth, which aligns with cortical hierarchies of functional specialization and evolutionary expansion. Further, we demonstrate that structure-function coupling in rostrolateral prefrontal cortex supports age-related improvements in executive ability. These findings have broad relevance for accounts of experience-dependent plasticity in healthy development and abnormal development associated with neuropsychiatric illness.     The protracted development of structural and functional brain connectivity within distributed association networks coincides with improvements in higher-order cognitive processes such as executive function. However, it remains unclear how white-matter architecture develops during youth to directly support coordinated neural activity. Here, we characterize the development of structure-function coupling using diffusion-weighted imaging and n-back functional MRI data in a sample of 727 individuals (ages 8 to 23 y). We found that spatial variability in structure-function coupling aligned with cortical hierarchies of functional specialization and evolutionary expansion. Furthermore, hierarchy-dependent age effects on structure-function coupling localized to transmodal cortex in both cross-sectional data and a subset of participants with longitudinal data (n = 294). Moreover, structure-function coupling in rostrolateral prefrontal cortex was associated with executive performance and partially mediated age-related improvements in executive function. Together, these findings delineate a critical dimension of adolescent brain development, whereby the coupling between structural and functional connectivity remodels to support functional specialization and cognition.         brain developmentMRIconnectomecortical organizationstructure-function<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0027-8424
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1912034117
ID  - ref1
ER  -