TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2020//
TI  - Sensitivity to experiencing alcohol hangovers: reconsideration of the 0.11% blood alcohol concentration (BAC) threshold for having a hangover
JO  - Journal of clinical medicine
A1  - Verster, Joris C.
A1  - Kruisselbrink, L. Darren
A1  - Slot, Karin A.
A1  - Anogeianaki, Aikaterini
A1  - Adams, Sally
A1  - Alford, Chris
A1  - Arnoldy, Lizanne
A1  - Ayre, Elisabeth
A1  - Balikji, Stephanie
A1  - Benson, Sarah
A1  - Bruce, Gillian
A1  - Devenney, Lydia E.
A1  - Frone, Michael R.
A1  - Gunn, Craig
A1  - Heffernan, Thomas
A1  - Hensel, Kai O.
A1  - Hogewoning, Anna
A1  - Johnson, Sean J.
A1  - van Lawick van Pabst, Albertine E.
A1  - van de Loo, Aurora J. A. E.
A1  - Mackus, Marlou
A1  - Merlo, Agnese
A1  - Murphy, René J. L.
A1  - Owen, Lauren
A1  - Palmer, Emily O. C.
A1  - van Rossum, Charmaine J. I.
A1  - Scholey, Andrew
A1  - Terpstra, Chantal
A1  - Vatsalya, Vatsalya
A1  - Vermeulen, Sterre A.
A1  - van Wijk, Michelle
A1  - Stock, Ann-Kathrin
SP  - e179
EP  - e179
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
N2  - The 2010 Alcohol Hangover Research Group consensus paper defined a cutoff blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.11% as a toxicological threshold indicating that sufficient alcohol had been consumed to develop a hangover. The cutoff was based on previous research and applied mostly in studies comprising student samples. Previously, we showed that sensitivity to hangovers depends on (estimated) BAC during acute intoxication, with a greater percentage of drinkers reporting hangovers at higher BAC levels. However, a substantial number of participants also reported hangovers at comparatively lower BAC levels. This calls the suitability of the 0.11% threshold into question. Recent research has shown that subjective intoxication, i.e., the level of severity of reported drunkenness, and not BAC, is the most important determinant of hangover severity. Non-student samples often have a much lower alcohol intake compared to student samples, and overall BACs often remain below 0.11%. Despite these lower BACs, many non-student participants report having a hangover, especially when their subjective intoxication levels are high. This may be the case when alcohol consumption on the drinking occasion that results in a hangover significantly exceeds their "normal" drinking level, irrespective of whether they meet the 0.11% threshold in any of these conditions. Whereas consumers may have relative tolerance to the adverse effects at their "regular" drinking level, considerably higher alcohol intake-irrespective of the absolute amount-may consequentially result in a next-day hangover. Taken together, these findings suggest that the 0.11% threshold value as a criterion for having a hangover should be abandoned.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 2077-0383
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010179
ID  - ref1
ER  -