TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2020//
TI  - Emerging techniques for the detection of pyrotechnic residues from seized postal packages containing fireworks
JO  - Forensic science international
A1  - Bezemer, Karlijn D. B.
A1  - Forbes, Thomas P.
A1  - Hulsbergen, Annemieke W. C.
A1  - Verkouteren, Jennifer
A1  - Krauss, Shannon T.
A1  - Koeberg, Mattijs
A1  - Schoenmakers, Peter J.
A1  - Gillen, Greg
A1  - van Asten, Arian C.
SP  - e110160
EP  - e110160
VL  - 308
IS  - 
N2  - High volume screening of parcels with the aim to trace the illegal distribution and selling of fireworks using postal services is challenging. Inspection services have limited manpower and means to perform extensive visual inspection. In this study, the presence of solid pyrotechnic residues collected from cardboard shipping parcels containing fireworks was investigated for direct in-field chemical detection. Two emerging trace detection techniques, i.e., capillary electrophoresis (CE)-based inorganic oxidizer detector and infrared thermal desorption (IRTD) coupled with direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS), were investigated for their potential as screening tools. Detection of non-visible pyrotechnic trace residues from real-case seized parcels was demonstrated using both screening techniques. However, the high nitrate background in the commercial CE system complicated its screening for black powder traces. IRTD-DART-MS allowed differentiation between flash and black powder by identification of the molecular inorganic ions. Compared to the portable CE instrument, rapid screening using IRTD-DART-MS is currently limited to laboratory settings. The capabilities of these emerging techniques established solid particle and trace residue chemical detection as interesting options for parcel screening in a logistic setting.<br><br>Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0379-0738
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110160
ID  - ref1
ER  -